The Southron 'Ah'
By far the trickiest thing to master for imitators of a southern English accent is when to use a short, front 'a' and a long, back 'a'¹, which I will henceforth transcribe as A and Ah . A long time ago, southern English underwent a sound change called the Trap-Bath Split; the language now uses both of these vowels, and they're not in free variation; if you use the wrong vowel in a word people will think you're weird. So what's the rule here? How do we know when to say A and when to say Ah? Perhaps it has something to do with sonorance? If you listen to a speaker from London, you'll notice they'll always say cat, bag, gap and dad, but never caht , bahg , gahp and dahd . If we consider only monosyllabic words ending in stops, it seems that there's a rule here regarding 'softness'; a hard ending in a segment leads to a hardening of the vowel. But this all falls apart when we consider fricatives: the southern 'grass' is alway...